Conceptos hindúes
Conceptos filosóficos fundamentales de las escrituras hindúes y la filosofía vedántica
Dharma
dharmaThe cosmic law underlying right behavior and social order. In the Gita, dharma encompasses duty, righteousness, moral law, and the …
Karma
karmaThe law of cause and effect — every action produces consequences that shape future experiences. The Gita teaches nishkama karma: …
Moksha
mokṣaLiberation from the cycle of birth and death (samsara). The ultimate goal of Hindu life. Achieved through jnana (knowledge), bhakti …
Samsara
saṃsāraThe cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. All beings are bound in samsara until they achieve moksha. The Gita describes …
Atman
ātmanThe individual self or soul, which is eternal and unchanging. Chapter 2 of the Gita famously teaches that the Atman …
Brahman
brahmanThe ultimate reality, the supreme cosmic principle, the ground of all being. Not a personal god but the infinite, eternal, …
Maya
māyāThe divine power of illusion that makes the manifold world appear real. In the Gita, Krishna states that his divine …
Yoga
yogaLiterally 'union' — the discipline of connecting the individual self with the divine. The Gita describes multiple yogas: Karma Yoga, …
Bhakti
bhaktiLoving devotion to a personal god. Chapter 12 of the Gita is entirely devoted to bhakti yoga. Krishna declares that …
Jnana
jñānaSpiritual knowledge or wisdom. Jnana yoga is the path of knowledge, involving discrimination between the real and unreal, the eternal …
Ahimsa
ahiṃsāNon-violence, non-injury to any living being. Listed among the divine qualities in Chapter 16. A fundamental ethical principle in Hinduism, …
Satya
satyaTruthfulness, one of the essential virtues. In the Gita, satya is listed among the divine qualities. The Upanishads declare 'Satyam …
Tapas
tapasAusterity, self-discipline, spiritual heat. Chapter 17 describes three types of tapas: physical, verbal, and mental, each classified by the three …
Guru
guruSpiritual teacher who dispels the darkness of ignorance. In the Gita, Krishna serves as guru to Arjuna. The guru-disciple tradition …
Mantra
mantraSacred syllable, word, or verse used in meditation and worship. The most sacred mantra is Om (Aum), which the Gita …